Genomics basic concept

DNA(Deoxyribonucleic acid) : a helical molecule comprising a sequence of four nucleotides(bases)

 

RNA(Ribonucleic acid) : a single-stranded molecule comprising a sequence of four nucleotides

 

Protein : a  molecule comprising a long chain of amino acids connected by peptide bonds

 

Gene : a strctch of DNA containing the information necessary for coding a protein/polypeptide

 

 

Central dogma

Duplication

Transcription

Reverse Transcription

Translation

 

 

Chromosomes : a lond and tightly wound DNA string(visible under a microscope)

 

Genome : the entire set of all DNA contained in a cell